NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has helped astronomers find gas around a comet in the main asteroid belt for the first time.

In a press release, the agency said the presence of water vapor was confirmed using the observatory’s near-infrared spectrograph instrument.

The findings indicate that water ice from the early solar system, which formed about 4.5 billion years ago, may be preserved in the region.

However, unlike other comets, scientists have stated that comet 238P/Read does not contain carbon dioxide.

NASA’S JUNO SPACESHIP WILL FLY BY LOTS OF JUPITER’S VOLCANIC MOON IO

“Our water-drenched world, teeming with life and unique in the universe, to our knowledge, is something of a mystery — we’re not sure how all that water got here,” Stephanie Milam, Associate Scientist for Planetary Science at the Webb Project. and co-author of the study reporting the discovery, published in the journal Nature, the statement explains.

“Understanding the history of the distribution of water in the solar system will help us understand other planetary systems and see if they might be on their way to creating an Earth-like planet,” she said.

A comet is an object that is found in the main asteroid belt and periodically displays a halo and tail like a comet.

These main belt comets are a fairly new classification, and Comet Reed was one of three comets used to establish this category.

Prior to this classification, comets were known to be outside the orbit of Neptune, where ice could persist further from our Sun.

This graphical representation of the spectral data highlights key similarities and differences between the 2022 observations of Comet 238P/Read by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Spectrograph and those of Comet 103P/Hartley 2 by NASA’s Deep Impact mission in 2010. show a distinct peak in the region of the spectrum associated with water. (NASA, ESA, CSA and J. Olmsted (STScI))

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The frozen material that evaporates as comets approach the sun is what distinguishes them from asteroids, giving them their characteristic halo and tail.

Scientists have previously speculated that water ice might persist in the warmer asteroid belt – inside the orbit of Jupiter – but NASA said the evidence has so far been elusive.

This image of Comet 238P/Read was taken by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Camera on September 8, 2022. The dusty coma and tail are the result of the evaporation of ice as the sun heats up the bulk of the comet. (NASA, ESA, CSA, M. Kelley/University of Maryland | Image Processing: H. Hsieh/Planetary Science Institute), A. Pagan (STScI)

“Thanks to Webb’s observations of Comet Reed, we can now demonstrate that water ice from the early solar system can persist in the asteroid belt,” said University of Maryland astronomer Michael Kelly, lead author of the study.

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The lack of carbon dioxide, which typically makes up about 10% of the volatiles in a comet, has two possible explanations presented by the researchers.

“Being in the asteroid belt for long periods of time can do this – carbon dioxide evaporates more easily than water ice and can seep out over billions of years,” Kelly suggested, also suggesting that Comet Reed could have formed in a particularly warm part of the planet. A solar system where there was no carbon dioxide.

Did you get yelled at as a teenager because of your posture? Parents and teachers can sometimes seem a little obsessed with standing up straight.

And they may be right: bad posture can do real harm, and good posture can be almost miraculous.

bad posture

Poor posture can cause a lot of physical problems, and some of them may not be what you expect. Pain in the neck? Surah Back pain? Oh yeah! But constipation, urinary incontinence and heartburn?

Yes, these problems, along with difficulty breathing and decreased energy, are also among the unfortunate consequences of not holding yourself upright.

Read more: Chronic pain makes you think differently

Consequences of bad posture

The damage from poor posture can also be cumulative. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), prolonged slouching can even make your spine brittle and more vulnerable. As we get older, decades of neglecting our posture can lead to reduced flexibility and balance problems, which can increase the risk of falls.

But not all of the harmful effects of constant slouching are physical. Have you ever squared your shoulders and lifted your chin in preparation for a presentation or before walking into your boss’s office to ask for a raise? There’s a reason we tend to do this, and not just because our moms told us not to slouch.

Pose for confidence

One study, researchers have shown that straight posture increases self-confidence by making us think better of ourselves. In a press release announcing these results, Richard Petty, professor of psychology at Ohio State University and one of the authors of the study, explained how it works.

“Most of us have been taught that standing upright makes a good impression on other people,” he said, “but it turns out that our posture can also affect how we think about ourselves. judging by the posture you’re in.”

Anxiety and posture

You may want to keep your head straight and your back straight the next time you go to math class. A 2018 study found that good posture can help with math anxiety. Students with math anxiety had more difficulty completing a math task if they slouched than if they sat up straight. Why does posture matter in math class? The authors of the study suggest that “upright head postures may facilitate access to positive and inspiring thoughts and memories, thereby helping students perform better.”

Much like the effect of posture on self-confidence, the benefits of working on math problems seem to trick you into thinking you have it. The authors suggest that this approach should work not only in mathematics, but in almost any situation where nerves can get the better of you – for example, in sports achievements.

Read more: What is anxiety and how can anxiety overcome us?

What is correct posture?

So you’re convinced your mom was right all along and you want to improve your posture. What can you do?

Even experts don’t always agree on what constitutes good posture, especially when it comes to the modern world’s favorite pastime: sitting in an office chair. In 2012 survey of nearly 300 physical therapists, posture specialists were asked to determine the best sitting position to prevent lower back pain.

The two most commonly recommended postures were almost exactly opposite of each other. (Though it’s worth noting that neither involved bending the body into a comma shape and falling onto the keyboard.)

How to fix bad posture

Luckily, experts agree on how to fix bad posture. And the offers are pretty much what you’d expect.

• Keep your head more or less in line with your spine without hanging or leaning back.

• Imagine that a string stretches from your tailbone to the top of your head. Try to keep this string as straight as possible. This will naturally pull your shoulders back, pull your stomach in, and lift your head.

• Keep your core muscles in good shape.

• If you spend a lot of time sitting at your desk, arrange your workspace so that you can comfortably sit upright. If you can afford it, invest in an ergonomic work chair.

Now stop slouching and stand up straight!

Read more: The Science of Healthy Habit Formation

With the Dolphin emulator, you can play GameCube and Wii games on all types of devices, including PCs, gaming handhelds, and of course Android devices. The latest round of updates makes the emulator better than ever on Android.

Dolphin is making several changes to its Android version to improve the overall user experience. Most of the changes recently implemented are about how the emulator behaves with controllers and with newer versions of Android. It should be noted that these changes are not part of a single update – rather, it is a collection of all the changes implemented by Dolphin from February 2023 to April 2023. Some of the updates have been available for a while, while others are new, and a few more are not yet fully deployed.

Let’s start with the handling of Android controllers by the emulator. This is perhaps the biggest change made to the emulator in recent months and is a complete overhaul of the emulator’s input system on Android. According to the Dolphin team, the previous system was based on quick code from one of the developers that got more and more confusing over the years.

The new controller implementation uses JNI (Java Native Interface), giving Dolphin access to more functionality. These include changing controller settings while you play, matching your device’s sensors to what you want, saving and loading input profiles, support for more sensors, and more.

Another addition shows that Dolphin properly supports the new per-app storage settings in newer versions of Android, even allowing file managers to properly access those directories on a per-app basis.

There are also many other new features, including some changes that affect Dolphin on other platforms. If you’re interested in reading it, check out the full progress report at the link below.

sources: dolphins